Kenya has emerged as a global leader in renewable energy adoption and we have made significant strides over the past two decades. The country has a remarkable renewable energy contribution to its electricity mix standing at approximately 89.6%of electricity produced in the country comes from renewable sources positioning Kenya above the global renewable energy average of 13.0%. This is according to a statement made by Director General EPRA Daniel Kiptoo addressing people during the research and innovation conference at the edge convention centre on June 5 2024.
This progress aligns with the country’s commitment to achieving universal electricity access by 2030 and transitioning to green economy. Renewable energy sources including solar, wind and hydropower play an important role in Kenya’s energy mix. With regards to Geothermal Energy, Kenya is a global frontrunner in geothermal energy production, ranking at top ten in the world. Data from the Geothermal Development Company (GDC) indicates that geothermal energy accounts for over 40.0% of the country’s electricity generation. The Olkaria Geothermal Power Plant, located in the Rift Valley, is the largest geothermal plant in Africa and it plays a pivotal role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions while ensuring a stable energy supply.
When it comes to wind energy, The Lake Turkana Wind Power Project, which is the largest wind farm in Africa, has been a key milestone in Kenya’s renewable energy journey. This project contributes 310.0 MW to the national grid, which represents about 17.0% of the country’s total installed capacity, according to the Energy and Petroleum Regulatory Authority (EPRA). The government’s push for more wind energy projects aligns with its Vision 2030 development blueprint.
For solar energy, Solar energy adoption has also gained momentum, particularly in rural areas where grid connections remain limited. The Rural Electrification and Renewable Energy Corporation (REREC) reports that solar home systems and mini-grids have provided electricity to over 1.5mn households. Additionally, large-scale solar projects, such as the Garissa Solar Plant, which generates 54.0 MW, have also contributed to Kenya’s renewable energy targets.
Hydroelectric power remains a significant source of renewable energy in Kenya, contributing approximately 30.0% of electricity generation. However, reliance on hydroelectric power is increasingly being mitigated due to its vulnerability to climate variability. KNBS data highlights that droughts have occasionally reduced hydropower output, necessitating a shift toward more reliable alternatives like geothermal and wind energy.
In my opinion, Kenya’s renewable energy journey is commendable, showcasing what strategic investments and policy frameworks can achieve. Expanding off-grid solutions will also be crucial to ensuring rural electrification and reducing energy inequality. By overcoming these challenges, Kenya can solidify its position as a global leader in renewable energy and serve as a model for other developing nations.
